1923 Spanish coup d'état
A coup d'état took place in Spain between 13 and 15 September 1923, led by the then-Captain General of Catalonia Miguel Primo de Rivera. It resulted in the overthrow of the Restoration system and the establishment of a dictatorship under Primo de Rivera, mainly because King Alfonso XIII did not oppose the coup and appointed the rebel general as head of the government at the helm a military directorate.