Alexander of Hales
Alexander of Hales (also Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius ; c. 1185 – 21 August 1245)—known also as Doctor Irrefragibilis, or "Irrefutable Teacher" (so-called by Pope Alexander IV in the bull De Fontibus Paradisi), and as Theologorum Monarcha (or "King of Theologians")—was a Franciscan friar, theologian, and philosopher instrumental to the development of scholasticism. == Life == Alexander was born at Hales, Shropshire (today Halesowen, West Midlands), England, between 1180 and 1186.