Atmospheric vacuum breaker
An atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow of non-potable liquids into the drinking water system. It is usually constructed of brass and resembles a right-angle elbow with a hood on its top to allow air to enter the water system if a siphon is formed.
Source: Wikipedia — Atmospheric vacuum breaker (CC BY-SA 4.0)