Caparo Industries plc v Dickman

Caparo Industries PLC v Dickman [1990] UKHL 2 is a leading English tort law case on the test for a duty of care. The House of Lords set out a "three-fold test" that for a duty of care in negligence: harm must be reasonably foreseeable as a potential result of the defendant's conduct (as established in Donoghue v Stevenson), the parties must be in a relationship of proximity, and it must be fair, just and reasonable to impose liability.

Source: Wikipedia — Caparo Industries plc v Dickman (CC BY-SA 4.0)