Cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) is a highly sensitive optical spectroscopic technique that enables measurement of absolute optical extinction by samples that scatter and absorb light. It has been widely used to study gaseous samples which absorb light at specific wavelengths, and in turn to determine mole fractions down to the parts per trillion level.
Source: Wikipedia — Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CC BY-SA 4.0)