Center vortices are line-like topological defects that exist in the vacuum of Yang–Mills theory and QCD. There is evidence in lattice simulations that they play an important role in the confinement of quarks. == Topological description == Center vortices carry a gauge charge under the center elements of the universal cover of the gauge group G. Equivalently, their topological charge is an element of the fundamental group of this universal cover quotiented by its center.
Center vortices are line-like topological defects that exist in the vacuum of Yang–Mills theory and QCD. There is evidence in lattice simulations that they play an important role in the confinement of quarks. == Topological description == Center vortices carry a gauge charge under the center elements of the universal cover of the gauge group G. Equivalently, their topological charge is an element of the fundamental group of this universal cover quotiented by its center.
Source: Wikipedia "Center vortex" · CC BY-SA 4.0
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