Characteristics of common wasps and bees

While observers can easily confuse common wasps and bees at a distance or without close observation, there are many different characteristics of large bees and wasps that can be used to identify them. == Characteristics == == See also == Schmidt sting pain index == Notes == == References == == Further reading == N. R. Levick; J. O. Schmidt; J. Harrison; G. S. Smith; K. D. Winkel (2000).