Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant

In some strains of Christian theology, the Christian Church may be divided into: the Church Militant (Latin: Ecclesia militans), also called the Church Pilgrim, which consists of Christians on Earth who struggle as soldiers of Christ against sin, the devil, and "the rulers of the world of this darkness, against the spirits of wickedness in the high places"; the Church Penitent (Latin: Ecclesia poenitens), also called the Church Suffering (Latin: Ecclesia dolens) or the Church Expectant (Latin: Ecclesia expectans), which in the theology of certain churches, especially that of the Catholic Church, consists of those Christians currently in Purgatory; and the Church Triumphant (Latin: Ecclesia triumphans), which consists of those who have the beatific vision and are in Heaven. Within Catholic ecclesiology these divisions are known as the "three states of the Church." The actual language used in the Catechism of the Catholic Church states that "The three states of the Church… at the present time some of his disciples are pilgrims on earth.

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