Counterfeit banknote detection pen
A counterfeit banknote detection pen is a pen used to apply an iodine-based ink to banknotes in an attempt to determine their authenticity. The ink reacts with starch in wood-based paper to create a black or blue mark but the paper in a real bill contains no starch, so the pen mark remains unchanged.
Source: Wikipedia — Counterfeit banknote detection pen (CC BY-SA 4.0)