Cylindrical harmonics
In mathematics, the cylindrical harmonics are a set of linearly independent functions that are solutions to Laplace's differential equation, ∇ 2 V = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}V=0} , expressed in cylindrical coordinates, ρ (radial coordinate), φ (polar angle), and z (height). Each function Vn(k) is the product of three terms, each depending on one coordinate alone.