Doob's martingale inequality
In mathematics, Doob's martingale inequality, also known as Kolmogorov's submartingale inequality, is a fundamental result in the study of stochastic processes. Key aspects of the inequality include: It gives a bound on the probability that a submartingale exceeds any given value over a given interval of time.
Source: Wikipedia — Doob's martingale inequality (CC BY-SA 4.0)