Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
In linear algebra, an eigenvector ( EYE-gən-) or characteristic vector is a (nonzero) vector that has its direction unchanged (or reversed) by a given linear transformation. More precisely, an eigenvector v {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} } of a linear transformation T {\displaystyle T} is scaled by a constant factor λ {\displaystyle \lambda } when the linear transformation is applied to it: T v = λ v {\displaystyle T\mathbf {v} =\lambda \mathbf {v} } .
Source: Wikipedia — Eigenvalues and eigenvectors (CC BY-SA 4.0)