Equivalence class
In mathematics, when the elements of some set S {\displaystyle S} have a notion of equivalence (formalized as an equivalence relation), then one may naturally split the set S {\displaystyle S} into equivalence classes. These equivalence classes are constructed so that elements a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} belong to the same equivalence class if, and only if, they are equivalent.