Territorial evolution of Russia

The borders of Russia changed through military conquests and by ideological and political unions from the 16th century. == Tsarist Russia == === Formation and early southeastern policy === The Tsardom of Russia was established by Ivan the Terrible in 1547 from the Grand Principality of Moscow, also known as Muscovy, itself originating in the 1280s an appanage of Vladimir-Suzdal that had been conquered and vassilised by the Mongol-Tatar Golden Horde in 1238, and forced to pay tribute ever since.

Source: Wikipedia — Territorial evolution of Russia (CC BY-SA 4.0)