Exponential family random graph models

Exponential family random graph models (ERGMs) are a set of statistical models used to study the structure and patterns within networks, such as those in social, organizational, or scientific contexts. They analyze how connections (edges) form between individuals or entities (nodes) by modeling the likelihood of network features, like clustering or centrality, across diverse examples including knowledge networks, organizational networks, colleague networks, social media networks, networks of scientific collaboration, and more.

Source: Wikipedia — Exponential family random graph models (CC BY-SA 4.0)