Tuckman's stages of group development
The forming–storming–norming–performing model of group development was first proposed by Bruce Tuckman in 1965, who said that these phases are all necessary and inevitable in order for a team to grow, face up to challenges, tackle problems, find solutions, plan work, and deliver results. He suggested that these inevitable phases were critical to team growth and development.
Source: Wikipedia — Tuckman's stages of group development (CC BY-SA 4.0)