Fundamental class
In mathematics, the fundamental class is a homology class [M] associated to a connected orientable compact manifold of dimension n, which corresponds to the generator of the homology group H n ( M , ∂ M ; Z ) ≅ Z {\displaystyle H_{n}(M,\partial M;\mathbb {Z} )\cong \mathbb {Z} } . The fundamental class can be thought of as the orientation of the top-dimensional simplices of a suitable triangulation of the manifold.