Genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil
The genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil began with the Portuguese colonization of the Americas, when Pedro Álvares Cabral made landfall in what is now the country of Brazil in 1500. This started the process that led to the depopulation of the Indigenous peoples, because of disease and violent treatment by Portuguese settlers, and their gradual replacement with colonists from Europe and enslaved peoples from Africa.
Source: Wikipedia — Genocide of Indigenous peoples in Brazil (CC BY-SA 4.0)