Gradient
In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar-valued differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} of several variables is the vector field (or vector-valued function) ∇ f {\displaystyle \nabla f} whose value at a point p {\displaystyle p} gives the direction and the rate of fastest increase. The gradient transforms like a vector under change of basis of the space of variables of f {\displaystyle f} .