Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
The Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649 was a financial fraud involving the fineness of silver coinage that began in Potosí, Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru, now Bolivia. The scandal had worldwide effects that lasted for decades.
Source: Wikipedia — Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649 (CC BY-SA 4.0)