Green-beard effect
The green-beard effect is a thought experiment used in evolutionary biology to explain selective altruism among individuals of a species. == History == The idea of a green-beard gene was proposed by William D. Hamilton in his articles of 1964, and got the name from the example used by Richard Dawkins ("I have a green beard and I will be altruistic to anyone else with green beard") in The Selfish Gene (1976).