Hesse normal form
In analytic geometry, the Hesse normal form (named after Otto Hesse) is an equation used to describe a line in the Euclidean plane R 2 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{2}} , a plane in Euclidean space R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}} , or a hyperplane in higher dimensions. It is primarily used for calculating distances (see point-plane distance and point-line distance).