Historical Chinese anthems

Historical Chinese anthems comprise a number of official and unofficial national anthems of China composed during the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China. "Chinese national anthem" may refer to: "March of the Volunteers" of the People's Republic of China "National Anthem of the Republic of China" of the Republic of China == Tune of Li Zhongtang == Quasi-official In 1896, for purposes of diplomatic missions to Western Europe and Russia, Li Hongzhang (Zhongtang being a term of respect for a vizier or prime minister) employed in political lyrics combined with classical Chinese music to create a song later known as the "Tune of Li Zhongtang" (李中堂樂).

Source: Wikipedia — Historical Chinese anthems (CC BY-SA 4.0)