Historical capitals of China

There are traditionally five major historical capitals of China, often addressed using cardinal directions: Xi'an or the "western capital", known as Fenghao during the Western Zhou dynasty, as Chang'an during the Western Han, Western Jin and Tang dynasties, and as Daxing during the Sui dynasty; Luoyang or the "central capital", during the Eastern Zhou and Eastern Han dynasties; Nanjing or the "southern capital", as Jiankang during the Eastern Jin, the four Southern Dynasties and the late Republic of China, and as Yingtian during the early Ming dynasty; Kaifeng or the "eastern capital", during the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song dynasty; Beijing or the "northern capital", during the Ming and Qing dynasties (and the contemporary People's Republic of China), and as Dadu during the Yuan dynasty. There are also many other cities that historically served as capitals of various rump states and minor states, although only the capitals of the uniform dynasties are typically mentioned.

Source: Wikipedia — Historical capitals of China (CC BY-SA 4.0)