Independence of irrelevant alternatives

Independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) is an axiom of decision theory which codifies the intuition that a choice between A {\displaystyle A} and B {\displaystyle B} (which are both related) should not depend on the quality of a third, unrelated outcome C {\textstyle C} . There are several different variations of this axiom, which are generally equivalent under mild conditions.

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