List of metaphor-based metaheuristics

This is a chronologically ordered list of metaphor-based metaheuristics and swarm intelligence algorithms, sorted by decade of proposal. == Algorithms == === 1980s-1990s === ==== Simulated annealing (Kirkpatrick et al., 1983) ==== Simulated annealing is a probabilistic algorithm inspired by annealing, a heat treatment method in metallurgy.