1937 Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang
In 1937, 1,500 Uyghur Muslim rebels under the command of Kichik Akhund rebelled in southern Xinjiang against the pro-Soviet forces of Sheng Shicai. The rebels were tacitly aided by the New 36th Division of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army.
Source: Wikipedia — 1937 Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang (CC BY-SA 4.0)