Jotedars, also known as Hawladars, Ganitdars, Jwaddars or Mandals, were landlords or well-to-do ryots or wealthy peasants who exercised control and influence comparable to that of a Zamindars but were perceived as significantly below them in social strata in agrarian Bengal during Company rule in India. Jotedars owned relatively extensive tracts of land, and their land tenure status stood in contrast to those of poor ryots and bargadars (sharecroppers), who were landless or land-poor.
Jotedars, also known as Hawladars, Ganitdars, Jwaddars or Mandals, were landlords or well-to-do ryots or wealthy peasants who exercised control and influence comparable to that of a Zamindars but were perceived as significantly below them in social strata in agrarian Bengal during Company rule in India. Jotedars owned relatively extensive tracts of land, and their land tenure status stood in contrast to those of poor ryots and bargadars (sharecroppers), who were landless or land-poor.
Source: Wikipedia "Jotedar" · CC BY-SA 4.0
Share this article: X · Bluesky