Kaiping Tramway and Imperial Railways of North China
The first 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge railway to be built and survive in China was the Kaiping (開平) colliery tramway located at Tangshan in Hebei province. However, this was not the very first railway in China.
Source: Wikipedia — Kaiping Tramway and Imperial Railways of North China (CC BY-SA 4.0)