List of medical doctors
This is a list of famous medical doctors in history. == Chronological lists == List of ancient physicians List of post-classical physicians == Doctors famous for their role in advancement of medicine == William Osler Abbott (1902–1943) – co-developed the Miller-Abbott tube William Stewart Agras (born 1929) – feeding behavior Virginia Apgar (1909–1974) – anesthesiologist who devised the Apgar score used after childbirth Jean Astruc (1684–1766) – wrote one of the first treatises on syphilis Averroes (1126–1198) – Andalusian polymath Avicenna (980–1037) – Persian physician Gerbrand Bakker (1771–1828) – Dutch physician, with works in Dutch and Latin on midwifery, practical surgery, animal magnetism, worms, the human eye, comparative anatomy, and the anatomy of the brain Frederick Banting (1891–1941) – isolated insulin Christiaan Barnard (1922–2001) – performed first heart transplant Charles Best (1899–1978) – assisted in the discovery of insulin Norman Bethune (1890–1939) – developer of battlefield surgical techniques Theodor Billroth (1829–1894) – father of modern abdominal surgery Elizabeth Blackwell (1821–1910) – first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States; first openly identified woman to receive a medical degree; pioneered the advancement of women in medicine Alfred Blalock (1899–1964) – noted for his research on the medical condition of shock and the development of the Blalock-Taussig Shunt, surgical relief of the cyanosis from Tetralogy of Fallot, known commonly as the blue baby syndrome, with his assistant Vivien Thomas and pediatric cardiologist Helen Taussig James Carson (1772–1843) Charaka (c. 100 BCE – 200 CE) – Indian physician Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) – pioneering neurologist Guy de Chauliac (1290–1368) – one of the first physicians to have an experimental approach towards medicine; also recorded the Black Death Anna Manning Comfort (1845–1931) – first woman medical graduate to practice in the state of Connecticut Loren Cordain (born 1950) – American nutritionist and exercise physiologist, Paleolithic diet Harvey Cushing (1869–1939) – American neurosurgeon; father of modern-day brain surgery Garcia de Orta (1501–1568) – revealed herbal medicines of India, described cholera Gerhard Domagk (1895–1964) – pathologist and bacteriologist; credited with the discovery of sulfonamidochrysoidine (KI-730), the first commercially available antibiotic; won 1939 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Charles R. Drew (1904–1950) – blood transfusion pioneer Helen Flanders Dunbar (1902–1959) – important early figure in U.S. psychosomatic medicine Galen (129–c. 210) – Roman physician and anatomist Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915) – German scientist; won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; developed Ehrlich's reagent Christiaan Eijkman (1858–1930) – pathologist, studied beriberi Pierre Fauchard – father of dentistry René Gerónimo Favaloro (1923–2000) – Argentine cardiac surgeon who created the coronary bypass grafting procedure Alexander Fleming (1881–1955) – Scottish scientist, inventor of penicillin Girolamo Fracastoro (1478–1553) – wrote on syphilis, forerunner of germ theory Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) – founder of psychoanalysis Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (1923–2008) – studied Kuru, Nobel Prize winner George E. Goodfellow (1855–1910) – recognized as first U.S. civilian trauma surgeon, expert in gunshot wound treatment Henry Gray (1827–1861) – English anatomist and surgeon, creator of Gray's Anatomy Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919) – physician and anatomist William Harvey (1578–1657) – English physician, described the circulatory system Henry Heimlich (1920–2016) – inventor of the Heimlich maneuver and the Vietnam War-era chest drain valve Orvan Hess (1906–2002) – fetal heart monitor and first successful use of penicillin Hippocrates (c. 460–370 BCE) – Greek father of medicine John Hunter (1728–1793) – father of modern surgery, famous for his study of anatomy Kurt Julius Isselbacher (1928–2019) – Former editor of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, prominent Gastroenterologist, founder of the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Association of American Physicians Kober Medal winner Edward Jenner (1749–1823) – English physician popularized vaccination Elliott P. Joslin (1869–1962) – pioneer in the treatment of diabetes Carl Jung (1875–1961) – Swiss psychiatrist Leo Kanner (1894–1981) – Austrian-American psychiatrist known for work on autism Seymour Kety (1915–2000) – American neuroscientist Robert Koch (1843–1910) – formulated Koch's postulates Theodor Kocher (1841–1917) – thyroid surgery; first surgeon to win the Nobel Prize Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec (1781–1826) – inventor of the stethoscope Janet Lane-Claypon (1877–1967) – pioneer of epidemiology Thomas Linacre (1460–1524) – founder of Royal College of Physicians Joseph Lister (1827–1912) – pioneer of antiseptic surgery Richard Lower (1631–1691) – studied the lungs and heart, and performed the first blood transfusion Paul Loye (1861–1890) – studied the nervous system and decapitation Wilhelm Frederick von Ludwig (1790–1865) – German physician known for his 1836 publication on the condition now known as Ludwig's angina Amato Lusitano (1511–1568) – discovered venous valves, studied blood circulation Madhav (8th century A.D.) – medical text author and systematizer Maimonides (1135–1204) Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694) – Italian anatomist, pioneer in histology Barry Marshall (born 1951) Charles Horace Mayo (1865–1939) – co-founder, Mayo Clinic William James Mayo (1861–1939) – co-founder, Mayo Clinic William Worrall Mayo (1819–1911) – co-founder, Mayo Clinic Salvador Mazza (1886–1946) – Argentine epidemiologist who helped in controlling American trypanosomiasis William McBride (1927–2018) – discovered teratogenicity of thalidomide Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951) – studied muscle metabolism; Nobel prize George Richards Minot (1885–1950) – Nobel prize for his study of anemia B. K. Misra – first neurosurgeon in the world to perform image-guided surgery for aneurysms, first in South Asia to perform stereotactic radiosurgery, first in India to perform awake craniotomy and laparoscopic spine surgery.