Lorraine cycle
The 12th-century chanson de geste of Garin le Loherain ('Garin the Lotharingian'), together with the slightly later Girbert de Metz, form the core and initial parts of the so-called Lorraine cycle, which was expanded in the 13th century by a prequel and three sequels. The cycle is one of the fiercest and most sanguinary narratives left by the trouvères.