Non-Sinoxenic pronunciations

Non-Sinoxenic pronunciations are vocabularies borrowed from Chinese, but differ from Sinoxenic pronunciations in that: The corresponding Chinese writing system is not borrowed alongside the pronunciation The pronunciation did not arise from the attempt at adopting Chinese as the literary language The borrowed vocabulary is not limited to Classical Chinese, but often includes modern and colloquial forms of Chinese As such, non-Sinoxenic pronunciations are therefore loanwords in which the corresponding Chinese character is not adopted. These non-Sinoxenic pronunciations are thus most prominent in Asian languages in which cultural exchanges with Chinese culture occurred (e.g.

Source: Wikipedia — Non-Sinoxenic pronunciations (CC BY-SA 4.0)