ORCID
The ORCID ( ; Open Researcher and Contributor ID) is a nonproprietary persistent identifier, in the form of an alphanumeric code, to uniquely identify authors and contributors of scholarly communication. This addresses the problem that a particular author's contributions to the scientific literature or humanities publications can be hard to recognize, as most personal names are not unique, they can change (such as with marriage), have cultural differences in name order, contain inconsistent use of first-name abbreviations and employ different writing systems.