Outline of the human brain

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the human brain: == Structure of the human brain == === Visible anatomy === Human brain – central organ of the nervous system located in the head of a human being Neuroanatomy Regions in the human brain: Cerebrum Cerebral cortex Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Limbic lobe Hippocampus Basal ganglia Cerebellum Hypothalamus Amygdala Brain stem Medulla oblongata Midbrain Pons Significant components: Arcuate fasciculus – neural pathway connecting the junction between the temporal and parietal lobes with the frontal cortex in the brain Broca's area – region of the brain with functions linked to speech production Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus – part of Broca's area that contributes to propositional (true/false) language comprehension Caudate nucleus – located within the basal ganglia and involved in learning and memory Central nucleus of the amygdala – the major output nucleus of the amygdala, participates in receiving and processing pain information Nucleus accumbens – collection of neurons in the pleasure center that is thought to play a role in reward, pleasure, laughter, addiction, aggression, fear, and the placebo effect Pineal gland – a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain that produces melatonin, a hormone that affects wake/sleep patterns Ventricular system – set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid which bathes and cushions the brain and spinal cord within the skull Cranial nerve – neuron bundles that connect to the brain on one end, and to locations outside the brain on the other, without having a junction inside the spinal column Cranial nerve zero – controversial but commonly found nerve which may be vestigial or may be related to sensing pheromones Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) – smell Optic nerve (cranial nerve 2) – sight Oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve 3) – eye movement (except rotation) Trochlear nerve (cranial nerve 4) – eye rotation Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5) – sensation from the face and certain motor functions such as biting and chewing Abducens nerve (cranial nerve 6) – certain eye rotation Facial nerve (cranial nerve 7) – facial expression and taste sensations from the tongue Vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve 8) – hearing and balance Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve 9) – sensation from the throat, tonsils, part of the tongue, heart, and stomach. Also facilitates swallowing.

Source: Wikipedia — Outline of the human brain (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Outline of the human brain

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the human brain: == Structure of the human brain == === Visible anatomy === Human brain – central organ of the nervous system located in the head of a human being Neuroanatomy Regions in the human brain: Cerebrum Cerebral cortex Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Limbic lobe Hippocampus Basal ganglia Cerebellum Hypothalamus Amygdala Brain stem Medulla oblongata Midbrain Pons Significant components: Arcuate fasciculus – neural pathway connecting the junction between the temporal and parietal lobes with the frontal cortex in the brain Broca's area – region of the brain with functions linked to speech production Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus – part of Broca's area that contributes to propositional (true/false) language comprehension Caudate nucleus – located within the basal ganglia and involved in learning and memory Central nucleus of the amygdala – the major output nucleus of the amygdala, participates in receiving and processing pain information Nucleus accumbens – collection of neurons in the pleasure center that is thought to play a role in reward, pleasure, laughter, addiction, aggression, fear, and the placebo effect Pineal gland – a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain that produces melatonin, a hormone that affects wake/sleep patterns Ventricular system – set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid which bathes and cushions the brain and spinal cord within the skull Cranial nerve – neuron bundles that connect to the brain on one end, and to locations outside the brain on the other, without having a junction inside the spinal column Cranial nerve zero – controversial but commonly found nerve which may be vestigial or may be related to sensing pheromones Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) – smell Optic nerve (cranial nerve 2) – sight Oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve 3) – eye movement (except rotation) Trochlear nerve (cranial nerve 4) – eye rotation Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5) – sensation from the face and certain motor functions such as biting and chewing Abducens nerve (cranial nerve 6) – certain eye rotation Facial nerve (cranial nerve 7) – facial expression and taste sensations from the tongue Vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve 8) – hearing and balance Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve 9) – sensation from the throat, tonsils, part of the tongue, heart, and stomach. Also facilitates swallowing.

Source: Wikipedia "Outline of the human brain" · CC BY-SA 4.0

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