Particle swarm optimization

In computational science, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a computational method that optimizes a problem by iteratively trying to improve a population of candidate solutions with regard to a given measure of quality. It solves a problem through interactions among a population of candidate solutions, dubbed particles, moving the particles around in the search-space according to simple mathematical formulae that adjust each particle's position and velocity.

Source: Wikipedia — Particle swarm optimization (CC BY-SA 4.0)