Planar ternary ring
In mathematics, an algebraic structure ( R , T ) {\displaystyle (R,T)} consisting of a non-empty set R {\displaystyle R} and a ternary mapping T : R 3 → R {\displaystyle T\colon R^{3}\to R\,} may be called a ternary system. A planar ternary ring (PTR) or ternary field is special type of ternary system used by Marshall Hall to construct projective planes by means of coordinates.