Project West Ford (also known as Westford Needles and Project Needles) was a test carried out by the MIT Lincoln Laboratory on behalf of the United States military in 1961 and 1963 to create an artificial ionosphere above the Earth, to solve a weakness identified in military communications. == History == At the height of the Cold War, all international communications were sent either through submarine cables or bounced off the natural ionosphere.
Project West Ford (also known as Westford Needles and Project Needles) was a test carried out by the MIT Lincoln Laboratory on behalf of the United States military in 1961 and 1963 to create an artificial ionosphere above the Earth, to solve a weakness identified in military communications. == History == At the height of the Cold War, all international communications were sent either through submarine cables or bounced off the natural ionosphere.
Source: Wikipedia "Project West Ford" · CC BY-SA 4.0
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