Rafael de Nogales
Rafael Ramón Intxauspe Méndez, or Pedro Rafael Inchauspe Méndez, known internationally as Rafael de Nogales Méndez (October 14, 1877 – July 10, 1936 or 1937) was a Venezuelan soldier, spy, writer, and adventurer. He rejected the term adventurer, preferring to describe himself as a "knight-errant" driven by the motto "act or die." During World War I, he served as a general in the army of the Ottoman Empire and was a key Western witness to the events surrounding the Armenian genocide.