Rawalpindi Massacres
The Rawalpindi Massacres (also Rawalpindi riots) refer to widespread violence, including large-scale massacres and rapes, against Hindus and Sikhs by Muslim mobs in the Rawalpindi Division of the Punjab Province of British India in March 1947. The violence preceded the partition of India and was instigated and perpetrated by the Muslim League National Guards, a quasi-paramilitary organisation affiliated with the Muslim League, as well as Muslim League's local cadres and politicians, demobilised Muslim soldiers, local officials and policemen.