Russian Aerospace Defence Forces

The Russian Aerospace Defence Forces (Russian: Войска воздушно-космической обороны, ВВКО, romanized: Voyska vozdushno-kosmicheskoy oborony, VVKO) was a branch of the Russian Armed Forces responsible for aerospace defence, operation of Russian military satellites and the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. It was established on 1 December 2011 and dissolved on 1 August 2015.