Surface growth
In mathematics and physics, surface growth refers to models used in the dynamical study of the growth of a surface, usually by means of a stochastic differential equation of a field. == Examples == Popular growth models include: KPZ equation Dimer model Eden growth model SOS model Self-avoiding walk Abelian sandpile model Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation (or the flame equation, for studying the surface of a flame front) They are studied for their fractal properties, scaling behavior, critical exponents, universality classes, and relations to chaos theory, dynamical system, non-equilibrium / disordered / complex systems.