Systolic geometry
In mathematics, systolic geometry is the study of systolic invariants of manifolds and polyhedra, as initially conceived by Charles Loewner and developed by Mikhail Gromov, Michael Freedman, Peter Sarnak, Mikhail Katz, Larry Guth, and others, in its arithmetical, ergodic, and topological manifestations. == The notion of systole == The systole of a compact metric space X is a metric invariant of X, defined to be the least length of a noncontractible loop in X (i.e.