Timeline of Newcastle upon Tyne

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England. == 2nd Century == === 120s === 120-122 Pons Aelius small Roman fort and bridge was established == 11th Century == === 1070s === 1072 According to the Chronicles of the Monk of Tynemouth, King William, returning from Scotland, encamped a large army on the River Tyne near Newcastle, which had formerly been known as Monkchester 1073 Aldwin, Prior of Winchcombe, along with two monks from Evesham, visited Monkchester === 1080s === 1080 Robert Curthose, on return from an expedition in Scotland, laid the foundation of a wooden 'new castle' to defend the Tyne crossing at Newcastle, from which the town took its name === 1090s === 1091 St Nicholas' Church was founded by Osmund, Bishop of Salisbury 1092 William Rufus had the castle at Newcastle rebuilt in stone 1095 Castle at Newcastle was captured during a revolt by Norman barons, but later retaken by William Rufus == 12th Century == === 1130s === 1139 Under the terms of the Treaty of Durham, Northumberland, with the exception of Newcastle and Bamburgh, was ceded to Scottish rule === 1140s === 1149 Newcastle was conceded to the Scots by Henry of Anjou, in return for Scottish support === 1160s === 1168 Burgesses of Newcastle fined 20 marks for making a knight swear (ie submit to the old fashioned process of compurgation) === 1170s === 1172 Construction of The Castle, Newcastle, a stone castle with rectangular keep was begun, with £166 4s expended in the first year, according to documents in the Record Office, London 1173 In expectation of a siege by William the Lion of Scotland, £5 was spent laying in stores and provisions Expenditure on construction of the castle was £250 5s 4d 1174 William the Lion of Scotland laid siege to Newcastle, but was unable to take it Expenditure on construction of the castle was £12 15s 10d 1175 Expenditure on construction of the castle was £186 15s 4d 1176 Expenditure on construction of the castle was £144 15s 4d, and it was finally completed == 13th Century == === 1210s === 1216 28 January: A charter granted by King John to Newcastle burgesses confirmed the liberties and free customs they had enjoyed in the time of his ancestors The first use of the title Mayor of Newcastle was recorded when Daniel, son of Nicholas, was called mayor === 1230s === 1235 King Henry III granted to the burgesses of Newcastle the right to exclude Jews 1239 A drought of three months in Newcastle was followed by three months of rain leading to many deaths === 1240s === 1242 Fire destroyed the wooden bridge over the River Tyne 1244 King Henry III came to Newcastle with a large army on his way to attack Alexander II of Scotland 1245 Peter Scott became Mayor of Newcastle (until 1251) 1247 Construction of the Black Gate at The Castle, Newcastle began, at an eventual cost of £513 15s 11d 1247-1257 William Heron of Ford was Sheriff of Northumberland and governor of the Castle at Newcastle 1248 After fire destroyed the wooden bridge over the River Tyne, and much of the borough, a new stone bridge was eventually constructed === 1250s === 1250 Construction of the Black Gate at The Castle, Newcastle completed, at an eventual cost of £513 15s 11d 1251 Sir Peter Scott, Mayor of Newcastle, granted land to the Dominicans on which Blackfriars was built 1253 King Henry III granted to the burgesses of Newcastle permission to elect their own coroners 1255 Walter of Kirkham, Bishop of Durham granted an indulgence of 20 days to anyone who would contribute to the repair of the bridge over the Tyne 1257 The Archbishop of York granted an indulgence of 30 days to anyone contributing to repair of the bridge over the Tyne === 1260s === 1262 Carmelite friary founded in Newcastle 1265 Work started on the building of a town wall for Newcastle King Henry III licensed the collection of a toll by the burgesses of Newcastle towards the cost of building the town wall 1267 Friars of the Sack granted a site in Newcastle === 1290s === 1292 John Balliol, King of Scotland, did homage for his crown to King Edward I in the castle at Newcastle Newcastle was second only to London in the export of leather 1295 Hugh Carliol, a former Mayor of Newcastle, and Peter Graper, were Newcastle's representatives as Members of Parliament 1296 King Edward I was again in Newcastle with an army of some 34,000 1297 William Wallace laid waste to Northumberland from Hexham up to the walls of Newcastle 1299 A charter was granted by King Edward I to allow the incorporation of the village of Pandon into Newcastle, extending the riverfront eastward to a burn called The Swirl The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect further tolls towards the building of the town wall == 14th Century == === 1300s === 1300 The population of Newcastle was approximately 7,000-8,000 1305 The right hand quarter of the executed William Wallace was exhibited at the gateway on the Newcastle side of the bridge 1307 White Friars were rehoused in the almost empty house of the Friars of the Sack 1309 The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect further tolls towards the building of the town wall === 1310s === 1311 King Edward II took refuge in Newcastle Castle from the Duke of Lancaster The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect yet further tolls towards the building of the town wall 1317 Grevious famine and mortality in Newcastle === 1320s === 1322 A quarter of the body of the executed Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle was exhibited in Newcastle 1325 The export of coal from Newcastle is mentioned in a petition to Parliament in which Thomas Rente of Pontoise states that he loads his ship with wheat for Newcastle and returns with coals === 1330s === 1333 28 January: King Edward III, at York, granted a petition to the men of Newcastle that their Mayor should hold the office of Kings's escheator 1334 King Edward III received the homage of Edward Balliol at the Blackfriars, the Dominican Friary in Newcastle Roger Mauduyt was Sheriff of Northumberland and reported that the Castle in Newcastle was 'decayed and left to neglect' 1339 A flood swept away the greater part of the stone bridge at Newcastle === 1340s === 1341 Troops of John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey damaged Blackfriars priory and caused further damage more widely in the town 1342 February: The burgesses of Newcastle drew up a set of articles for better government of the town October: The set of articles drawn up for better government received Royal assent and King Edward III renewed the charter of Newcastle after a period of suspension King David II of Scotland laid siege to Newcastle, but the town was successfully defended by Lord John Neville of Hornby 1345 Newcastle was visited by a pestilence which lasted two years 1349 Successive outbreaks of plague led to the halving of the population Fire nearly destroyed the whole town === 1350s === 1350 The Burgesses of Newcastle received Royal licence to dig and take stones in certain lands outside the walls 1358 A barbican was added in front of the Black Gate, but no trace remains === 1360s === 1360 Trinitarians established a house in Newcastle, founded by William de Alton 1363 Frost began in mid-September in Newcastle and lasted until the following April === 1370s === 1377 The population of Newcastle was estimated to be 3,500-4000 inhabitants === 1380s === 1380 Newcastle town petitioned the Crown for financial relief as so much of the population had been lost to plague outbreaks 1383 King Richard II visited Newcastle John Neville of Raby was appointed by the King to inspect the condition of Newcastle in terms of both men and fortifications 1388 After Parliament had passed an Act to improve sanitary conditions, a writ for better sanitation was directed at the bailiffs of Newcastle and a proclamation made about the casting of filth into rivers == 15th Century == === 1400s === 1400 The population of Newcastle was estimated as 3,000 inhabitants King Henry IV visited Newcastle and granted county status to the town, separating the town, but not the Castle and its precincts, from the county of Northumberland, with the right to appoint its own sheriff.

Source: Wikipedia — Timeline of Newcastle upon Tyne (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Timeline of Newcastle upon Tyne

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England. == 2nd Century == === 120s === 120-122 Pons Aelius small Roman fort and bridge was established == 11th Century == === 1070s === 1072 According to the Chronicles of the Monk of Tynemouth, King William, returning from Scotland, encamped a large army on the River Tyne near Newcastle, which had formerly been known as Monkchester 1073 Aldwin, Prior of Winchcombe, along with two monks from Evesham, visited Monkchester === 1080s === 1080 Robert Curthose, on return from an expedition in Scotland, laid the foundation of a wooden 'new castle' to defend the Tyne crossing at Newcastle, from which the town took its name === 1090s === 1091 St Nicholas' Church was founded by Osmund, Bishop of Salisbury 1092 William Rufus had the castle at Newcastle rebuilt in stone 1095 Castle at Newcastle was captured during a revolt by Norman barons, but later retaken by William Rufus == 12th Century == === 1130s === 1139 Under the terms of the Treaty of Durham, Northumberland, with the exception of Newcastle and Bamburgh, was ceded to Scottish rule === 1140s === 1149 Newcastle was conceded to the Scots by Henry of Anjou, in return for Scottish support === 1160s === 1168 Burgesses of Newcastle fined 20 marks for making a knight swear (ie submit to the old fashioned process of compurgation) === 1170s === 1172 Construction of The Castle, Newcastle, a stone castle with rectangular keep was begun, with £166 4s expended in the first year, according to documents in the Record Office, London 1173 In expectation of a siege by William the Lion of Scotland, £5 was spent laying in stores and provisions Expenditure on construction of the castle was £250 5s 4d 1174 William the Lion of Scotland laid siege to Newcastle, but was unable to take it Expenditure on construction of the castle was £12 15s 10d 1175 Expenditure on construction of the castle was £186 15s 4d 1176 Expenditure on construction of the castle was £144 15s 4d, and it was finally completed == 13th Century == === 1210s === 1216 28 January: A charter granted by King John to Newcastle burgesses confirmed the liberties and free customs they had enjoyed in the time of his ancestors The first use of the title Mayor of Newcastle was recorded when Daniel, son of Nicholas, was called mayor === 1230s === 1235 King Henry III granted to the burgesses of Newcastle the right to exclude Jews 1239 A drought of three months in Newcastle was followed by three months of rain leading to many deaths === 1240s === 1242 Fire destroyed the wooden bridge over the River Tyne 1244 King Henry III came to Newcastle with a large army on his way to attack Alexander II of Scotland 1245 Peter Scott became Mayor of Newcastle (until 1251) 1247 Construction of the Black Gate at The Castle, Newcastle began, at an eventual cost of £513 15s 11d 1247-1257 William Heron of Ford was Sheriff of Northumberland and governor of the Castle at Newcastle 1248 After fire destroyed the wooden bridge over the River Tyne, and much of the borough, a new stone bridge was eventually constructed === 1250s === 1250 Construction of the Black Gate at The Castle, Newcastle completed, at an eventual cost of £513 15s 11d 1251 Sir Peter Scott, Mayor of Newcastle, granted land to the Dominicans on which Blackfriars was built 1253 King Henry III granted to the burgesses of Newcastle permission to elect their own coroners 1255 Walter of Kirkham, Bishop of Durham granted an indulgence of 20 days to anyone who would contribute to the repair of the bridge over the Tyne 1257 The Archbishop of York granted an indulgence of 30 days to anyone contributing to repair of the bridge over the Tyne === 1260s === 1262 Carmelite friary founded in Newcastle 1265 Work started on the building of a town wall for Newcastle King Henry III licensed the collection of a toll by the burgesses of Newcastle towards the cost of building the town wall 1267 Friars of the Sack granted a site in Newcastle === 1290s === 1292 John Balliol, King of Scotland, did homage for his crown to King Edward I in the castle at Newcastle Newcastle was second only to London in the export of leather 1295 Hugh Carliol, a former Mayor of Newcastle, and Peter Graper, were Newcastle's representatives as Members of Parliament 1296 King Edward I was again in Newcastle with an army of some 34,000 1297 William Wallace laid waste to Northumberland from Hexham up to the walls of Newcastle 1299 A charter was granted by King Edward I to allow the incorporation of the village of Pandon into Newcastle, extending the riverfront eastward to a burn called The Swirl The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect further tolls towards the building of the town wall == 14th Century == === 1300s === 1300 The population of Newcastle was approximately 7,000-8,000 1305 The right hand quarter of the executed William Wallace was exhibited at the gateway on the Newcastle side of the bridge 1307 White Friars were rehoused in the almost empty house of the Friars of the Sack 1309 The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect further tolls towards the building of the town wall === 1310s === 1311 King Edward II took refuge in Newcastle Castle from the Duke of Lancaster The burgesses of Newcastle received authority to collect yet further tolls towards the building of the town wall 1317 Grevious famine and mortality in Newcastle === 1320s === 1322 A quarter of the body of the executed Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle was exhibited in Newcastle 1325 The export of coal from Newcastle is mentioned in a petition to Parliament in which Thomas Rente of Pontoise states that he loads his ship with wheat for Newcastle and returns with coals === 1330s === 1333 28 January: King Edward III, at York, granted a petition to the men of Newcastle that their Mayor should hold the office of Kings's escheator 1334 King Edward III received the homage of Edward Balliol at the Blackfriars, the Dominican Friary in Newcastle Roger Mauduyt was Sheriff of Northumberland and reported that the Castle in Newcastle was 'decayed and left to neglect' 1339 A flood swept away the greater part of the stone bridge at Newcastle === 1340s === 1341 Troops of John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey damaged Blackfriars priory and caused further damage more widely in the town 1342 February: The burgesses of Newcastle drew up a set of articles for better government of the town October: The set of articles drawn up for better government received Royal assent and King Edward III renewed the charter of Newcastle after a period of suspension King David II of Scotland laid siege to Newcastle, but the town was successfully defended by Lord John Neville of Hornby 1345 Newcastle was visited by a pestilence which lasted two years 1349 Successive outbreaks of plague led to the halving of the population Fire nearly destroyed the whole town === 1350s === 1350 The Burgesses of Newcastle received Royal licence to dig and take stones in certain lands outside the walls 1358 A barbican was added in front of the Black Gate, but no trace remains === 1360s === 1360 Trinitarians established a house in Newcastle, founded by William de Alton 1363 Frost began in mid-September in Newcastle and lasted until the following April === 1370s === 1377 The population of Newcastle was estimated to be 3,500-4000 inhabitants === 1380s === 1380 Newcastle town petitioned the Crown for financial relief as so much of the population had been lost to plague outbreaks 1383 King Richard II visited Newcastle John Neville of Raby was appointed by the King to inspect the condition of Newcastle in terms of both men and fortifications 1388 After Parliament had passed an Act to improve sanitary conditions, a writ for better sanitation was directed at the bailiffs of Newcastle and a proclamation made about the casting of filth into rivers == 15th Century == === 1400s === 1400 The population of Newcastle was estimated as 3,000 inhabitants King Henry IV visited Newcastle and granted county status to the town, separating the town, but not the Castle and its precincts, from the county of Northumberland, with the right to appoint its own sheriff.

Source: Wikipedia "Timeline of Newcastle upon Tyne" · CC BY-SA 4.0

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