Van der Waerden's theorem
Van der Waerden's theorem is a theorem in Ramsey theory. Van der Waerden's theorem states that for any given positive integers r and k, there is some number N such that if the integers {1, 2, ..., N} are colored, each with one of r different colors, then there are at least k integers in arithmetic progression whose elements are of the same color.
Source: Wikipedia — Van der Waerden's theorem (CC BY-SA 4.0)