Zheltuga Republic
The Zheltuga Republic (Chinese: 熱爾圖加共和國; pinyin: Rè'ěrtújiā Gònghéguó; Russian: Желтугинская республика, Zheltuginskaya Respublika), or simply Zheltuga (Russian: Желтуга), was a short-lived 19th-century proto-state in the Amur river basin set up by Russian and Chinese gold miners illegally settling on Chinese territory ruled by the Qing dynasty. It was nicknamed "California on the Amur" (referencing the California Gold Rush).