Zombie bank
A zombie bank is a financial institution that has an economic net worth of less than zero but continues to operate because its ability to repay its debts is shored up by implicit or explicit government credit support. The term was first used by Edward Kane in a 1987 article titled Dangers of Capital Forbearance: The Case of the F.S.L.I.C and 'Zombie S&L' s to explain the dangers of tolerating a large number of insolvent savings and loan associations and applied to the emerging Japanese crisis in 1993.