Dhimmi
Dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي ḏimmī, "protected person", IPA: [ˈðimmiː], collectively أهل الذمة ʾahl aḏ-ḏimmah/dhimmah, "protected people") is a historical term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with certain legal protections and restrictions. The word literally means "protected person", referring to the state's obligation under sharia to protect the individual's life, property, as well as freedom of religion, in exchange for loyalty to the state and payment of the jizya tax, in contrast to the zakat, or obligatory alms, paid by the Muslim subjects.