J1 J2 model
The J1–J2 model is a quantum spin model like the Heisenberg model but also includes a term for the interaction between next-nearest neighbor spins. == Hamiltonian == In this model, the term J 1 {\displaystyle J_{1}} represents the usual nearest-neighbor interaction as seen in the Heisenberg model, and J 2 {\displaystyle J_{2}} represents the exchange interaction to the next nearest-neighbor.